The Basics Of Surveying

By Carey Bourdier


While many people may take an interest on several different careers, pursuing one in the field of surveying may present you with a truly interesting path. Contrary to most common notions about surveying, the task of surveyors is not limited to land surveying and, in fact, there are many different and important surveying career options and different kinds of surveys. Perhaps if one would know some of them, an interest could be sparked to set one up for a very rewarding career in surveying.

For our first type of survey we have the one used for measuring the underwater depth of the Earth like our lake or ocean floors and it is known as Bathymetric survey. For this kind, surveyors primarily measure ocean depth through what you call depth sounding. But an interesting fact is that the older ways to measure underwater depth would have to be through the use of heavy and pre-measured ropes or cables lowered by the side of a ship. Taking an interest into this type of survey should require you to understand bathymetric maps and charts being that accurate and measurable description for a visual presentation in terms of the submerged terrains all over the world. Come to think of it, this is the submerged counterpart of the above water topographic map you know of.

If you want to understand deformation surveys then you ought to know that it is commonly used in ascertaining whether there is movement in an object or infrastructure, the likes of a building. It is understood as the measurement as well as the tracking of any possible alteration in an object's shape or dimension possible caused by stresses due to applied loads. Changes in bedrocks, the increase or decrease in the weight as well as alteration in material properties contribute are factors in consideration which you need to understand if you want to learn about deformation surveys.

If you are interested in geological maps and models, there is a type of survey just for you. Geological surveys would show you a systematic investigation of geology beneath a particular piece of ground. A geological surveyor should understand walk-over surveys along with how to study outcrops and landforms. If you enjoy working outside, you could employ hands-on intrusive methods such as augering or perhaps using machine driven boreholes. At the same time, you need to conduct geophysical techniques along with remote sensing methods including aerial photography and satellite imagery.

Anyone interested in uncovering history should choose archaeology and archeological surveys. You should know that archeologists find this highly important in gathering information with regards to the old cultures of man across a chosen area to cover. Actually, the past regard surveys to be rather uncommon however as time went on it was found out that surveying indeed has its benefits. With that, archeological surveys became a regular part in ensuring preliminary requirements and sometimes put in place of excavation.

Of course surveyors use many tools and you must know what the tools are such as theodolites, inclinometers and still many more optical instruments. For precision in measuring angles in both horizontal and vertical planes, you need these theodolites. As for angles and slopes along with the object's elevation or depression which can be relative to gravity, an inclinometer is going to be your tool. Sights and alidades and other optical instruments also are essential. These days, you also use electronic equipment such as total station or global positioning systems.




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